How to Avoid EDI Chargebacks: The Complete 2026 Prevention Guide for Retail Suppliers

1. What Are EDI Chargebacks?

Here's an uncomfortable truth most growing brands discover too late: that purchase order you just landed with a major retailer can quietly drain your margins through EDI chargebacks — financial penalties that arrive as line-item deductions on your remittance, often weeks after the original shipment.

EDI Chargeback Definition: An EDI chargeback (also called a compliance deduction or expense offset) is a financial penalty imposed by a retailer or trading partner when a supplier fails to meet specific Electronic Data Interchange compliance requirements. These penalties are automatically deducted from supplier payments for violations such as late shipment notifications, incorrect labeling, invoice mismatches, or routing guide violations.

Unlike credit card chargebacks, which are consumer-initiated payment disputes, EDI chargebacks are B2B compliance penalties built into the trading partner agreement you signed when you became an approved vendor. Retailers like Walmart, Target, Amazon, Costco, and Kroger all enforce their own chargeback policies — and the costs add up fast.

The process typically works like this:

1. Violation occurs — Your shipment arrives late, an ASN is missing, or a label doesn't scan properly
2. Retailer flags the violation — Their compliance system logs the non-conformance automatically
3. Deduction is applied — The penalty is deducted directly from your next payment, often without prior notification
4. Dispute window opens — You have a limited time (30 days to 12 months, depending on the retailer) to dispute with documentation

The worst part? Many suppliers don't even realize they're being charged until they reconcile accounts receivable — by which point the dispute window may have closed.

In this guide, you'll learn:

• The exact dollar amounts each major retailer charges for specific violations
• The 7 most common causes of EDI chargebacks (ranked by cost impact)
• Proven prevention strategies that reduce chargebacks by 80-90%
• How AI-powered compliance monitoring can eliminate chargebacks before they happen
• A step-by-step dispute playbook for fighting invalid deductions

2. The True Cost of EDI Chargebacks

EDI chargebacks aren't just an occasional inconvenience. For growing brands scaling into retail, they represent a systemic margin killer that compounds over time.

Industry Statistics

MetricData PointMonthly cost per supplier$10,000 – $50,000 in penaltiesAnnual revenue lost1-3% of annual revenue (up to 10% for high-volume suppliers)Businesses losing $500K+/year66% of companies with poor EDI integrationInvoices affected5-15% of all invoices hit by chargeback deductionsTrue cost multiplierEvery $1 in chargebacks costs $4.41 total (investigation, admin, lost inventory)Undisputed chargebacks60% of merchants leave at least 2 in 5 chargebacks undisputedAmazon vendor losses$18 billion in losses across 2022-2023

The Real-World Impact

Consider a mid-sized CPG brand shipping $80 million in goods annually. At a 5% chargeback rate, that's $4 million in deductions — money that vanishes from your bottom line without selling a single fewer unit.

But the direct penalty is only part of the story. When you factor in the $4.41 multiplier effect (staff time investigating, administrative overhead, lost inventory, strained trading partner relationships), that $4 million balloons to over $17 million in total business impact.

And here's what makes it worse: 26% of companies can't even quantify how many orders they've lost from EDI non-compliance. They know something is wrong when margins shrink, but they can't trace it back to the dozens of small deductions quietly eroding their profitability.

"Crstl delivers a product that makes traditional platforms look like a protection racket. As a fast-emerging brand, Crstl enables us to adapt and scale without viewing us as another pocket to pick."

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— Ryan Chen, CFO & Co-founder, Neuro

3. Retailer-by-Retailer Chargeback Breakdown

Every major retailer enforces its own chargeback policy. What gets you fined at Walmart is different from what triggers penalties at Amazon or Target. Below is the most comprehensive retailer chargeback comparison available — the exact penalties you need to know.

Walmart

Walmart's chargeback system operates through two main programs: OTIF (On-Time In-Full) and SQEP (Supplier Quality Excellence Program).

Violation TypePenaltyOTIF failure (below 98% target)3% of COGS per defective orderSQEP Phase 1: PO/ASN defects$200 admin fee + $2/case or $10/palletSQEP Phase 2: Barcode/labeling$200 admin fee + $2/case or $10/palletSQEP Phase 3: Packaging/pallet$200 admin fee + $4/pallet or $20/loadMust Arrive By Date (MABD) miss3% of COGS (2-day delivery window)

Key detail: Walmart's OTIF program enforces a 98% compliance target. Fall below that threshold and chargebacks apply to every defective order. For a supplier shipping $10M to Walmart annually, a 5% OTIF failure rate means $15,000+ in monthly penalties.

For the complete Walmart compliance breakdown, see our Walmart EDI Requirements Guide.

Target

Target enforces compliance through its Supplier Performance Management (SPM) policy with both COGS-based and per-carton penalties.

Violation TypePenaltyFill rate failure (short/over shipment)5% of COGSOn-Time Ship violationMinimum $150 per violationOn-Time Arrival violationMinimum $150 per violationASN availability (EDI 856)$0.75 per carton (minimum $100 fine)ASN accuracy$0.75 per non-compliant carton (minimum $100)Shipping schedule adherence2.5% fineBarcode/scanning non-compliance$0.75 per carton (minimum $100 threshold)

2025-2026 update: Target has shifted from 3% COGS-based EDI 856 fines to a $0.75/carton model to align with industry standards.

For the complete Target compliance breakdown, see our Target EDI Requirements Guide.

Amazon

Amazon Vendor Central operates one of the most complex chargeback systems in retail, with fees that spike dramatically during Q4.

Violation TypePenaltyASN accuracy1% to 6% of product cost (tiered by compliance rate)No PO label on carton$10 per packageCase pack defects$26 per occurrenceCarton content accuracy$1.67 per unitNo-show / rejected delivery$250 per shipmentNot Filled (short shipment)5% (reduced from 10% in 2025)Missing expiration dates (consumables)6% (below 70% compliance)SIPP non-compliance$1.80 – $4.40 per unit (by shipping weight)

Key stat: Based on auditing $10 billion in Amazon Vendor Central revenue, chargebacks typically cost vendors 1-5% of invoice value — spiking to 6-22% of shipped costs during peak periods. Amazon's new "In Full Delivery" chargeback launched in July 2025 adds another penalty layer for US and Canadian vendors.

Costco

Violation TypePenaltyIncorrect GS1-128 labels$5 – $10 per cartonUnreadable/incorrect barcodes (>1-2% rate)$5 – $10 per carton (more if it impacts unloading)Late ASNsChargebacks + potential manual hold at receivingASN/label data mismatchChargebacks + manual hold

Home Depot

Violation TypePenaltyMissing ASN$1,000 per ASNLate ASN$250 per ASNIncorrect/missing TMS Ship ID$100 per ASN

Critical note: Home Depot has the highest per-ASN penalty in the industry at $1,000 per missing ASN. A single shipment without an Advance Shipping Notice can cost more than many suppliers' monthly EDI platform fees.

Kroger

Violation TypePenaltyEDI non-compliance (paper invoices)1% of invoice or $250 (whichever is greater)Failure to adopt EDI within 90 days1% of invoice or $250 per transactionLate invoices (beyond 90 days of delivery)$200 per order

UNFI

Violation TypePenaltyMissing barcodes$500 per POPO placarding non-compliance$50 per palletFill rate below 95% (2+ consecutive weeks)3% on shorted goodsOverage / wrong items shipped35% off-invoice discountUnsaleables allowance~1% of sales (auto-deducted)

For the complete UNFI compliance breakdown, see our UNFI EDI Requirements Guide.

Quick Comparison: Highest Penalties by Retailer

RetailerHighest Single PenaltyMost Common TriggerHome Depot$1,000 per missing ASNMissing EDI 856UNFI$500 per PO (barcodes)Missing barcode labelsWalmart3% of COGS per orderOTIF failureTarget5% of COGS (fill rate)Short/over shipmentAmazon6% of product costASN accuracy issuesCostco$5-$10 per cartonGS1-128 label issuesKroger1% of invoice or $250Paper invoices / no EDI

"As a startup, our biggest advantage is speed of execution. Having a partner, like Crstl, who shares that same advantage and acts quickly was incredibly valuable, especially when it allowed us to get EDI set up with UNFI sooner, which in turn allowed us to secure better payment terms." — Russ Wallace, CEO & Co-founder, Freestyle

4. The 7 Most Common Causes of EDI Chargebacks

After analyzing chargeback patterns across thousands of supplier relationships, these are the seven violations that cost suppliers the most — ranked by total financial impact.

Cause #1: Routing Guide Violations

Monthly cost: $15,000 – $40,000 in chargebacks + $10,000 – $20,000 in relationship damage

Routing guide violations are the most expensive chargeback category because they compound. Every retailer publishes a routing guide specifying exactly how goods must be shipped — which carriers to use, what service levels, which delivery windows, how to palletize. Violate any element and penalties stack.

Common routing guide failures:

• Using the wrong carrier or service level
• Arriving outside the Must Arrive By Date (MABD) window — early or late
• Incorrect freight classification
• Wrong delivery appointment scheduling
• Non-compliant pallet build patterns

Walmart's MABD window is particularly strict at just 2 days. Miss it by even one day and you're looking at a 3% COGS chargeback.

Cause #2: Late or Missing ASN (EDI 856)

Monthly cost: $10,000 – $25,000 in chargebacks + $5,000 – $10,000 in customer service costs

The Advanced Shipping Notice is the single most penalized EDI document across all retailers. The ASN must arrive at the retailer's system before the physical goods arrive at their dock. If it doesn't, the shipment may be manually processed (at your expense) or rejected entirely.

Best practice: Transmit your ASN within 2 hours of finalizing a shipment. If the ASN doesn't arrive before the truck does, a chargeback is virtually guaranteed.

Retailer-specific ASN penalties:

• Home Depot: $1,000 per missing ASN / $250 per late ASN
• Amazon: 1-6% of product cost
• Target: $0.75 per carton (minimum $100)
• Costco: Chargeback + manual hold at receiving

Cause #3: Incorrect GS1-128/SSCC-18 Labels

Monthly cost: $5,000 – $15,000 in chargebacks + $2,000 – $5,000 in rework costs

Label compliance is deceptively complex. A GS1-128 label must be correctly formatted, scannable, properly placed on the carton, and its data must exactly match what's in the ASN. A single discrepancy — wrong placement, smudged barcode, mismatched data — triggers a per-carton penalty.

Why this is so costly: Label chargebacks are assessed per carton, not per shipment. A single truckload with 500 non-compliant cartons at Costco's $5-$10/carton rate means a $2,500 – $5,000 penalty for one delivery.

Cause #4: Invoice/ASN Mismatches (EDI 810 vs EDI 856)

Monthly cost: $3,000 – $12,000 in tied-up working capital + investigation overhead

When your invoice (EDI 810) doesn't match your ASN (EDI 856), the retailer auto-deducts the disputed amount. Common mismatches include:

• Pricing discrepancies between the retailer's PO and your invoice
• Quantity differences between shipped goods and billed items
• Missing or incorrect fields in EDI documents
• UPC mismatches between your system and the retailer's catalog

The hidden cost here is working capital. Disputed amounts get held until investigation completes — sometimes 30-90 days — starving your cash flow.

Cause #5: Fill Rate Failures (Short Shipments)

Monthly cost: $5,000 – $20,000 depending on volume

Shipping fewer units than ordered triggers fill rate chargebacks. Every major retailer sets a fill rate target (typically 95-98%) and penalizes shortfalls:

• Target: 5% of COGS for items short or over the ordered quantity
• Walmart: 3% of COGS for in-full failures below 95%
• UNFI: 3% on shorted goods (below 95% fill rate for 2+ consecutive weeks)
• Amazon: 5% "Not Filled" fee

Cause #6: PO Acknowledgment Delays

Monthly cost: $2,000 – $8,000 in compliance penalties

Failing to confirm purchase orders within the retailer's required window disrupts their supply chain planning. Amazon's PO On-Time Accuracy chargeback is among the most commonly assessed, and Walmart requires timely EDI 855 PO Acknowledgments.

Cause #7: Packaging and Pallet Compliance

Monthly cost: $1,000 – $5,000 in chargebacks + rework costs

Improper packaging, weak cartons, unstable pallet builds, and incorrect case pack configurations all trigger penalties. Walmart's SQEP Phase 3 targets these specifically with a $200 admin fee + $4/pallet or $20/load.

"The ability and willingness of Crstl to help is night and day compared to other providers. They're not just a vendor; they're genuinely invested in our success." — Josh Lazenby, Senior Operations Manager, KitchenSupply

5. How to Prevent EDI Chargebacks

Brands that systematize EDI compliance reduce chargebacks by 80-90%. Here are the proven prevention strategies, organized by implementation priority.

Strategy 1: Automate ASN Generation and Validation

The ASN (EDI 856) is the #1 source of chargebacks. Automating its generation directly from your WMS or ERP eliminates the manual errors that cause most violations.

What to automate:

• Auto-generate ASN from shipment confirmation
• Validate carton counts, SKUs, and quantities against the PO
• Cross-reference SSCC-18 numbers against physical labels
• Trigger ASN transmission immediately upon shipment finalization

Proven result: A Canadian food supplier reduced chargebacks by 85% after automating ASN validation and ERP synchronization.

Strategy 2: Integrate EDI with Your ERP/WMS

Manual re-entry of data between systems is a primary error source. Direct EDI-ERP integration eliminates this entirely.

Integration benefits:

• PO data flows directly from retailer to your order management system
• ASN generates automatically from warehouse pick/pack confirmation
• Invoices auto-populate from shipment and PO data
• Compliance rules are embedded in the workflow, not managed manually

ROI timeline: Vendors using ERP-integrated EDI typically achieve full ROI within 6 months.

Strategy 3: Pre-Transmission Validation

Deploy validation checks that run automatically before any EDI document leaves your system.

Critical validation checks:

• All required fields populated
• Data format matches retailer specifications
• Pricing matches PO terms
• Quantities reconcile across PO, ASN, and invoice
• GS1 identifiers are valid and correctly formatted
• Ship dates fall within MABD windows

Strategy 4: Know Your Routing Guides

Each retailer's routing guide is different. Assign dedicated team members to:

• Download and review every trading partner's current routing guide
• Monitor for updates — retailers update routing guides 1-2 times per year
• Build checklists for warehouse teams based on each guide
• Flag changes that affect shipping procedures

Strategy 5: Dispute Every Invalid Chargeback

60% of merchants leave at least 2 in 5 chargebacks undisputed. This is leaving money on the table. With proper documentation, recovery rates of 75%+ are achievable (with peaks of 99%).

What you need for successful disputes:

• Time-stamped EDI transmission records
• Proof of delivery with signed BOL
• Label verification photos/scan logs
• PO acknowledgment receipts
• Carrier tracking documentation

Strategy 6: Conduct Quarterly Self-Audits

Regular self-audits catch compliance drift before retailers do. Track these KPIs:

• On-time delivery rate (target: 98%+)
• Fill rate (target: 95%+)
• ASN accuracy rate (target: 99%+)
• Label scan rate (target: 100%)
• PO acknowledgment response time (target: within retailer's window)

"Crstl is exactly what I wanted and more. I would recommend them to any food & beverage brand at any stage. Their platform is easy to use and their customer service is terrific." — Silas Ang, Director of Supply Chain, Immi

6. AI-Powered Chargeback Prevention

Traditional EDI platforms are reactive — they process documents and report errors after the fact. By the time you see the chargeback, the damage is done. AI-powered EDI changes this equation fundamentally.

The Shift: Reactive to Predictive

CapabilityLegacy EDIAI-Powered EDIError detectionAfter transmission (reactive)Before transmission (preventive)Compliance monitoringManual checks, periodic auditsContinuous, real-time monitoringRouting guide updatesManual review and implementationAuto-detection and rule updatesIssue resolutionManual investigation, days to weeksAutomated triage, minutes to hoursPattern recognitionRequires analyst review of reportsAutomatic anomaly detection across all transactionsShipment risk assessmentNone — every shipment treated equallyPredictive scoring — flags high-risk shipments

How AI Prevents Chargebacks Before They Happen

Proactive error detection: AI scans every outgoing EDI document for inconsistencies in data formatting, missing fields, and incorrect values — catching the errors that lead to chargebacks before they ever reach the retailer's system.

Predictive analytics: Machine learning models analyze your historical shipment patterns to predict which orders are at risk of late delivery, fill rate failures, or routing guide violations. This gives your team time to intervene before the violation occurs.

Automated compliance validation: AI continuously monitors each trading partner's compliance rules and validates every transaction against the current requirements. When a retailer updates their routing guide or chargeback policy, the system adapts automatically.

Anomaly detection: Pattern recognition identifies unusual transaction patterns that suggest potential compliance issues — such as a sudden spike in short shipments from a particular warehouse, or a recurring ASN timing issue with a specific carrier.

Agentic orchestration: The latest advancement in AI-powered EDI moves beyond simple automation to autonomous decision-making — triaging exceptions, verifying invoices against POs in real-time, and tuning routing to meet delivery windows automatically.

For a deeper dive into AI-powered EDI capabilities, see our AI-Powered EDI Complete Guide.

"The real difference with Crstl is how fast they respond." — Andres Marcos, COO, Biom

7. How to Dispute EDI Chargebacks

Not all chargebacks are valid. Retailers make mistakes too. A disciplined dispute process can recover significant revenue — but you need to act fast and have your documentation ready.

Dispute Windows by Retailer

RetailerDispute WindowPortalAmazon30 days from notificationVendor CentralWalmart60 days from deductionRetail Link / APDPTarget90 daysPartners OnlineNordstrom12 months from invoice/check dateVendor Portal

The 5-Step Dispute Process

Step 1: Identify and categorize. Review every chargeback on your remittance. Categorize each by type (ASN, labeling, routing, shortage) and retailer.

Step 2: Gather evidence. For each disputed chargeback, collect:

• Time-stamped EDI transmission logs (proving ASN was sent on time)
• Signed Bill of Lading (proving delivery)
• Label verification records or photos
• PO acknowledgment receipts
• Carrier tracking and proof of delivery

Step 3: File within the window. Submit disputes through the retailer's designated portal with all supporting documentation. Never miss a deadline — late disputes are automatically rejected.

Step 4: Track and follow up. Log every dispute with its status, expected resolution date, and dollar amount. Follow up on open disputes weekly.

Step 5: Analyze patterns. Use dispute outcomes to identify systemic issues. If you're winning disputes for a particular chargeback type, it may indicate a retailer system error you can escalate.

Success rate: With proper documentation, brands achieve chargeback recovery rates of 75% on average, with peaks of 99% for well-documented disputes.

8. EDI Compliance Checklist

Use this checklist to audit your current compliance posture and identify gaps before they become chargebacks.

Pre-Shipment

• [ ] PO acknowledged (EDI 855) within retailer's required window
• [ ] All ordered items available at required fill rate (95%+ for most retailers)
• [ ] Routing guide reviewed for this specific trading partner
• [ ] Correct carrier and service level selected per routing guide
• [ ] Delivery appointment scheduled within MABD window
• [ ] GS1-128 labels printed and verified against ASN data
• [ ] SSCC-18 numbers generated and cross-referenced

At Shipment

• [ ] ASN (EDI 856) generated from shipment confirmation
• [ ] ASN validated: carton counts, SKUs, quantities, SSCC-18 numbers all match physical shipment
• [ ] ASN transmitted within 2 hours of shipment finalization
• [ ] Labels properly placed on all cartons (correct position per retailer spec)
• [ ] All barcodes scannable (quality check performed)
• [ ] Pallet build meets retailer packaging specifications

Post-Shipment

• [ ] Invoice (EDI 810) generated and validated against PO and ASN
• [ ] Pricing matches PO terms exactly
• [ ] Invoice transmitted within retailer's required window
• [ ] Delivery confirmation received
• [ ] Remittance reviewed for unexpected deductions within 48 hours

Ongoing

• [ ] Routing guides reviewed quarterly for updates
• [ ] Compliance KPIs tracked weekly (OTIF rate, fill rate, ASN accuracy)
• [ ] Chargeback disputes filed within retailer windows
• [ ] Quarterly self-audit conducted across all trading partners
• [ ] Team trained on current retailer requirements

"Crstl provided the hands-on approach during onboarding, ensuring we had the right amount of services without overpaying for features we wouldn't need for years." — Nikki Elliott, Co-founder, Elavi

9. Frequently Asked Questions

What are EDI chargebacks?

EDI chargebacks are financial penalties imposed by retailers when suppliers fail to meet Electronic Data Interchange compliance requirements. Also called compliance deductions or expense offsets, they are automatically deducted from supplier payments for violations such as late ASNs, incorrect labeling, invoice mismatches, or routing guide violations. Unlike credit card chargebacks, EDI chargebacks are B2B compliance penalties built into trading partner agreements.

How much do EDI chargebacks cost?

Penalties range from 1-5% of a supplier's gross invoice amount. Monthly costs typically reach $10,000-$50,000 for mid-sized suppliers. A company shipping $80 million annually could face up to $4 million in chargeback deductions. When accounting for investigation time, administrative overhead, and lost inventory, each $1 in direct chargebacks costs approximately $4.41 total.

What is the most common cause of EDI chargebacks?

Late or missing Advance Shipping Notices (EDI 856) are the #1 cause of EDI chargebacks across all retailers, followed by routing guide violations and incorrect GS1-128/SSCC-18 labeling. The ASN must arrive in the retailer's system before the physical goods arrive at their dock — if it doesn't, a chargeback is virtually guaranteed.

Can you dispute EDI chargebacks?

Yes. With proper documentation, brands achieve chargeback recovery rates of 75% on average, with peaks of 99% for well-documented disputes. Dispute windows vary significantly by retailer: Amazon gives 30 days, Walmart 60 days, Target 90 days, and Nordstrom up to 12 months. You'll need time-stamped EDI transmission records, signed Bills of Lading, label verification records, and carrier tracking documentation.

What's the difference between an EDI chargeback and a credit card chargeback?

EDI chargebacks are B2B compliance penalties deducted from supplier payments for failing to meet trading partner requirements (late shipments, missing ASNs, incorrect labels). Credit card chargebacks are consumer-initiated payment disputes filed through card networks. EDI chargebacks are governed by the trading partner agreement, not card network rules, and are deducted directly from your remittance rather than processed through a payment processor.

How can I prevent EDI chargebacks?

The most effective prevention strategies are: (1) automate ASN generation and validation directly from your WMS/ERP, (2) integrate EDI with your order management system to eliminate manual data entry, (3) deploy pre-transmission validation checks on all outgoing documents, (4) study and follow each retailer's routing guide exactly, (5) conduct quarterly compliance self-audits, and (6) use AI-powered compliance monitoring for real-time error detection. Brands that systematize these practices reduce chargebacks by 80-90%.

Which retailer has the highest chargeback penalties?

Home Depot has the highest per-incident penalty at $1,000 for a single missing ASN. For percentage-based penalties, Target's 5% of COGS fill rate chargeback and Amazon's 6% ASN accuracy penalty (at low compliance rates) are the most punitive. However, Walmart's 3% COGS OTIF penalty typically generates the highest total dollar chargebacks due to Walmart's massive order volumes.

Can EDI automation really reduce chargebacks?

Yes. Case studies consistently show 80-90% chargeback reduction through EDI automation. A Canadian food supplier reduced chargebacks by 85% after automating ASN validation and ERP synchronization. Vendors using ERP-integrated EDI typically achieve full ROI within 6 months. The key is eliminating manual data entry and implementing pre-transmission validation — the two steps that prevent the vast majority of compliance errors.

10. Conclusion

EDI chargebacks are not an inevitable cost of doing business with major retailers. They are preventable compliance failures that drain margins unnecessarily.

Here are the key takeaways:

1. Know the exact penalties. Every retailer has different chargeback rules and fee structures. Understanding what each trading partner charges — and for what — is the first step to prevention.
2. The ASN is your highest-risk document. Late or missing EDI 856 Advance Shipping Notices generate more chargebacks than any other single cause. Automate ASN generation and transmit within 2 hours of shipment.
3. Prevention is dramatically cheaper than penalties. Brands that systematize compliance reduce chargebacks by 80-90%. The cost of automation pays for itself within 6 months.
4. Dispute every invalid chargeback. With proper documentation, recovery rates of 75%+ are achievable. Leaving chargebacks undisputed — as 60% of merchants do — is leaving money on the table.
5. AI changes the game. Predictive compliance monitoring catches errors before they become chargebacks, shifting from reactive penalty management to proactive prevention.

Ready to Eliminate EDI Chargebacks?

Crstl's AI-powered platform prevents chargebacks before they happen — with automated ASN validation, real-time compliance monitoring across all trading partners, and predictive error detection powered by Edison AI.

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This guide is maintained by Crstl — The Agentic OS for B2B Trade. Crstl helps brands like Neuro, Freestyle, Immi, KitchenSupply, Elavi, and Biom automate EDI compliance with retailers including Walmart, Target, Amazon, Costco, Kroger, Home Depot, and UNFI.